Why did you decide to pursue a career in medicine and why, in particular, did you decide to specialize in Pulmonary Rehabilitation?
成為一名醫生是我從小的夢想。我的大學生活在柏林開始，隨後我還去了美國、荷he蘭lan求qiu學xue。剛gang開kai始shi我wo學xue習xi的de是shi內nei科ke，我wo對dui肺fei病bing學xue也ye很hen有you興xing趣qu。而er且qie我wo從cong小xiao就jiu對dui科ke學xue感gan興xing趣qu，大da學xue也ye是shi如ru此ci。大da學xue期qi間jian，初chu次ci接jie觸chu肺fei病bing學xue的de時shi候hou，我wo得de到dao很hen多duo機ji會hui從cong事shi我wo喜xi愛ai的de科ke研yan工gong作zuo，所suo以yi後hou來lai我wo就jiu留liu在zai了le肺fei病bing科ke。 至zhi於yu為wei什shen麼me我wo後hou來lai專zhuan攻gong肺fei康kang複fu，是shi因yin為wei我wo從cong事shi了le許xu多duo重zhong症zheng監jian護hu的de工gong作zuo。這zhe裏li的de康kang複fu中zhong心xin有you別bie於yu傳chuan統tong，它ta會hui接jie診zhen很hen多duo危wei重zhong症zheng病bing人ren，所suo以yi在zai這zhe裏li我wo學xue到dao了le很hen多duo關guan於yu重zhong症zheng監jian護hu的de知zhi識shi。我wo們men接jie診zhen了le眾zhong多duo移yi植zhi前qian後hou的de病bing人ren。當dang然ran現xian在zai更geng多duo的de是shi接jie診zhen新xin冠guan肺fei炎yan患huan者zhe。 Doing or being a medical doctor was my dream since childhood times. I started university time in Berlin, and I went to the US and also to the Netherlands. First, I started with a kind of internal medicine, and pulmonology was just that I was very interested in. I saw a lot of patients suffering from pulmonary problems. I was always, since childhood and since starting university career, I was interested in science. In the university where I did my first pulmonology education, I had the opportunity to do a lot of scientific work, so I stayed with the pulmonology. You ask me why I then went to the rehab part. I did a lot of intensive care medicine. The rehab here is something which is not the classical rehab. That means rehab here has more severe patients, and the intensive care education just had me taken up. Here we see a lot of transplant patients, we see a lot of patients before transplant. At the moment, we see a lot of Covid patients.
02
您的早年經曆如何塑造你的成就？
How did your early youth experience shape your success?
woxiangfenxiangyigetongniandegushi。xiaoshihouwodeyanjingshouguoshang，shiyishengrangwozhongjianguangminghuifushijiao，nashiwojiubeiyishengzhegezhiyeshenshenxiyinle。congnacishoushangzhonghuifuguolaihouwojiuduiyixuehenzhemi，zheyeshiguliwojinruyixuelingyudeyuanyinzhiyi。 There is a nice story. When I was a little boy, I injured my eye. I was fascinated by the doctors who had me just to keep the opportunity to see and to have that sense of seeing. So I recovered from that injury and I was fascinated by medicine. I think that's one of the parts which inspired me to come to the field of medicine.
03
您職業生涯中是否有對您來說很重要的導師，他們教會您什麼，是如何啟發您的呢？
Who have been you greatest influences? What have they taught you and how have they inspired you?
醫學院的老師們對我影響很大。在我醫學生涯中，對我影響最大的人是Claus Vogelmeier教jiao授shou，他ta是shi一yi名ming慢man性xing阻zu塞sai性xing肺fei部bu疾ji病bing專zhuan家jia，在zai我wo醫yi學xue生sheng涯ya中zhong擔dan任ren著zhe父fu親qin般ban的de角jiao色se。一yi些xie傑jie出chu的de醫yi學xue教jiao育yu家jia對dui我wo也ye影ying響xiang深shen遠yuan，比bi如ru來lai自zi休xiu斯si敦dun的de心xin髒zang外wai科ke醫yi生shengDenton A. Cooley教授，還有我在荷蘭求學期間遇到的Klaus Rabe教授、Pieter Hiemstra教授以及Peter Sterk教授。 There were some teachers that influenced me of course at medical school. But the person who influenced me most during my medical career was Claus Vogelmeier. He is a specialist in chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases. He was kind of my father figure in medicine. But there were also some really prominent educators, like Denton A. Cooley from the heart surgery in Houston, Klaus Rabe, Pieter Hiemstra and Peter Sterk where they were the influences during my time at the Netherlands.
04
肺康複係的正教授很少見，您在馬爾堡大學獲得此頭銜時有何感想？
There are not many W3 professors in Pulmonary Rehabilitation. How did you feel when you obtain the professorship at the University of Marburg?
zuoweideguoweiyidefeikangfuxijiaoshoushiyifenjidaderongyu。dangranzhefenrongyuyeyiweizhezhongdadejianshezeren。womenpoqiexuyaotuidongzheyilingyudeqianjin，woyeganyuantoushenyuzhegelingyudejiansheyufazhan。huiguguoqusinian，kandaowomenquderuciduodechengjiu，wogandaofeichangkaixin。 It is a big honor to be the only professor for Pulmonary Medicine in Germany. And of course it is also a position that has a lot of responsibility for future structures. There's also the demand of developing something which helps to bring the field forwards. So I like to structure that, I like to develop that. It is just a nice feeling to see that we’ve achieved quite a lot in the last 4 years.
05
您如何平衡行政、臨床、科研、教學工作及個人生活？
How do you balance the personal life, administration, clinical practice, research activities and lecturing?
在zai日ri常chang工gong作zuo中zhong，我wo會hui接jie診zhen很hen多duo病bing人ren也ye經jing常chang到dao病bing房fang巡xun視shi病bing人ren。出chu診zhen是shi我wo工gong作zuo的de一yi個ge重zhong要yao部bu分fen。有you時shi很hen難nan平ping衡heng教jiao學xue和he臨lin床chuang工gong作zuo。平ping時shi我wo們men會hui在zai醫yi院yuan舉ju辦ban講jiang座zuo周zhou，讓rang學xue生sheng們men參can與yu一yi周zhou的de教jiao學xue講jiang座zuo。我wo也ye會hui出chu差cha到dao馬ma爾er堡bao和he薩sa爾er茨ci堡bao開kai展zhan講jiang座zuo。 科(ke)學(xue)研(yan)究(jiu)也(ye)是(shi)我(wo)日(ri)常(chang)工(gong)作(zuo)的(de)一(yi)部(bu)分(fen)，我(wo)們(men)會(hui)核(he)查(zha)病(bing)人(ren)能(neng)否(fou)入(ru)組(zu)參(can)與(yu)科(ke)研(yan)項(xiang)目(mu)。我(wo)們(men)科(ke)室(shi)有(you)多(duo)個(ge)並(bing)行(xing)的(de)臨(lin)床(chuang)研(yan)究(jiu)。我(wo)們(men)還(hai)有(you)特(te)殊(shu)設(she)定(ding)，讓(rang)病(bing)人(ren)留(liu)院(yuan)至(zhi)少(shao)三(san)周(zhou)，以(yi)便(bian)收(shou)集(ji)更(geng)多(duo)的(de)科(ke)研(yan)數(shu)據(ju)。這(zhe)些(xie)是(shi)我(wo)們(men)能(neng)在(zai)醫(yi)院(yuan)同(tong)時(shi)開(kai)展(zhan)多(duo)個(ge)研(yan)究(jiu)的(de)原(yuan)因(yin)。在(zai)基(ji)礎(chu)科(ke)學(xue)方(fang)麵(mian)，我(wo)們(men)與(yu)馬(ma)爾(er)堡(bao)大(da)學(xue)有(you)合(he)作(zuo)，那(na)邊(bian)的(de)同(tong)事(shi)會(hui)幫(bang)助(zhu)我(wo)們(men)收(shou)集(ji)科(ke)研(yan)數(shu)據(ju)。 I see a lot of patients, and I am doing rounds quite often. I also have a major parts in the diagnostics. The balance between the lectures and the clinical setting, it's sometimes difficult. So we have some lecture weeks here. That means we have the students here for a week. I also travel for the lectures in Marburg and in Salzburg. The research is part of the daily business. We will check every patient if he/she can be part in a specific study. We have a lot of parallel running clinical studies in our department. We have a special setting that the patients stay here for at least three weeks that gives you a lot of opportunities for scientific questions. That's the reason why we run so many studies here. For the basic science, we have the collaboration with the Marburg where I have some employees that help to answer that scientific questions.
06
能否請您分享一個您認為最富有挑戰性、最令您印象深刻的病例？
Could you please share one case that you think as the most challenging and impressive one?
zaihuxike，womenjiedaiguoxuduoweizhongzhengbingren，yudaoguohenduofuyoutiaozhanxingdebingli。zaiguoqudejizhouli，woyudaozuijutiaozhanxingdebingrenshiyiweixinguanfeiyankangfuhuanzhe。zheminghuanzhegangzhuanruwomenkeshishi，zishenqingkuangfeichangzaogao。danshizuihoutanenggouzijizoushangfeijiloutibinghuidaotazijideguojia。 We have a lot of challenging cases, since we see a lot of severe patients in pulmonary medicine. But one of the most challenging in the last couple of weeks was a patient suffering from post-Covid. He came in a really bad shape, but later was able to enter the stairway of the plane himself and went back to his home country.
07
您作為多個領先的呼吸領域學會的活躍成員，這對您的職業生涯有何幫助？
You have been an active member of a number of leading organizations or societies in the field of pulmonology; how has this helped to shape your career?
我(wo)認(ren)為(wei)通(tong)過(guo)加(jia)入(ru)學(xue)會(hui)，可(ke)極(ji)大(da)幫(bang)助(zhu)你(ni)在(zai)臨(lin)床(chuang)和(he)科(ke)學(xue)研(yan)究(jiu)方(fang)麵(mian)發(fa)展(zhan)人(ren)際(ji)關(guan)係(xi)網(wang)絡(luo)。通(tong)過(guo)這(zhe)些(xie)人(ren)際(ji)關(guan)係(xi)網(wang)絡(luo)可(ke)助(zhu)你(ni)成(cheng)功(gong)，提(ti)高(gao)你(ni)的(de)工(gong)作(zuo)質(zhi)量(liang)。建(jian)立(li)人(ren)際(ji)關(guan)係(xi)網(wang)絡(luo)是(shi)必(bi)要(yao)的(de)，例(li)如(ru)加(jia)入(ru)一(yi)些(xie)科(ke)學(xue)學(xue)會(hui)。 I think the networking based on society context or in the society is a major part of developing network systems for clinical and for scientific questions. It is increasing your success, increasing the quality of your work by using these systems. So I think it's mandatory to have that kind of networking, for example, joining some societies.
08
新冠肺炎疫情現在是醫療領域最大挑戰之一，您認為這對您所在領域有何影響？
The COVID-19 pandemic is one of the biggest challenges facing modern healthcare. What impact do you see this having on the field of Pulmonary Rehabilitation?
你(ni)說(shuo)得(de)對(dui)，新(xin)冠(guan)肺(fei)炎(yan)疫(yi)情(qing)是(shi)一(yi)個(ge)大(da)挑(tiao)戰(zhan)。但(dan)通(tong)過(guo)應(ying)對(dui)新(xin)冠(guan)疫(yi)情(qing)，加(jia)強(qiang)了(le)呼(hu)吸(xi)科(ke)各(ge)亞(ya)專(zhuan)科(ke)之(zhi)間(jian)的(de)聯(lian)係(xi)，各(ge)科(ke)室(shi)之(zhi)間(jian)的(de)知(zhi)識(shi)共(gong)享(xiang)與(yu)交(jiao)流(liu)也(ye)增(zeng)多(duo)了(le)。在(zai)新(xin)冠(guan)疫(yi)情(qing)期(qi)間(jian)，呼(hu)吸(xi)科(ke)領(ling)域(yu)的(de)地(di)位(wei)也(ye)發(fa)生(sheng)了(le)變(bian)化(hua)。各(ge)種(zhong)會(hui)議(yi)和(he)政(zheng)治(zhi)決(jue)策(ce)中(zhong)必(bi)須(xu)要(yao)有(you)呼(hu)吸(xi)科(ke)醫(yi)生(sheng)的(de)參(can)與(yu)，呼(hu)吸(xi)科(ke)醫(yi)生(sheng)為(wei)政(zheng)治(zhi)家(jia)們(men)提(ti)供(gong)了(le)很(hen)多(duo)醫(yi)學(xue)建(jian)議(yi)。新(xin)冠(guan)疫(yi)情(qing)期(qi)間(jian)，呼(hu)吸(xi)科(ke)和(he)整(zheng)個(ge)醫(yi)學(xue)領(ling)域(yu)的(de)地(di)位(wei)都(dou)有(you)所(suo)提(ti)高(gao)了(le)。 You're completely right. The pandemic was challenging. But by just coping the pandemic again, the networking between the pulmonary departments increased. I have the impression that there was a lot of exchange of knowledge. It was possible also from the standing of the field of pulmonology that changed during the pandemic. It was mandatory to have respiratory physicians included in the conferences and the political decision making. There was a lot of advising also for the politicians by respiratory physicians. So I think that our position and the great field of medicine increased during the pandemic.
09
您認為新冠疫情何時會結束？
When do you think the Covid-19 pandemic will end?
對dui於yu這zhe個ge問wen題ti，我wo準zhun備bei了le一yi個ge東dong西xi。你ni知zhi道dao它ta是shi什shen麼me嗎ma？這zhe是shi一yi個ge水shui晶jing球qiu，女nv巫wu會hui從cong水shui晶jing球qiu中zhong看kan到dao她ta想xiang要yao的de答da案an。但dan說shuo真zhen的de，其qi實shi我wo不bu知zhi道dao疫yi情qing何he時shi會hui結jie束shu。 worenweizaijiexialaijigeyue，tebieshizaidongji，yiqingrengzaisinue。zhongsuozhouzhi，qirongjiaozaishidugaodehuanjingyijidiwendedongjihuidailaigengdadeweixian。woyuceyiqingkenengzaimingnianchuntianyousuohuanjie。muqian，deguoshouganrandebingrenshuliangrengzaizengjia，ganranshuliangjihuhequniantongqichiping，erqiedabufenxinguanbingduganrandebingrenweijiezhongyimiao。deguokaishiweitedingdebingrenjinxingdisanzhenyimiaojiezhong。danzaiguoqudejizhouli，ganranrenshurengzaishangsheng。woyucexinguanyiqinghoudewentiyejiangchixuzhishaojigeyue。yinweiyixiezhengzhuangxuyaohenchangyiduanshijiancainengquanyu，zheyiweizheweilaijizhounaizhijigeyuehoudouyaomianduixinguanyiqinghoudewenti。yujimingnianwomenyehuijiezhenhenduoxinguankangfuhoudehuanzhe。kenengdaomingnianchuntian，jixingganranbingrenshulianghuiyousuoxiajiang，danwotuicexinguanyiqinghoudewentijiangzhishaochixudaomingnianniandi。 For that question, I've prepared something. Do you know what it is? It's a crystal ball, and you know all the witches try to get something out of the crystal balls to read something inside. But no kidding, I do not know. I think for sure some months, the pandemic, especially during winter time, will let us suffer, because we know that the aerosols during a higher humidity state and during the winter times, are bigger dangers. So I would guess that it probably decreases in spring. At the moment, in Germany, the numbers of infected patients increase. We are nearly as high as last year during that time. We see a lot of infected patients which were not vaccinated. We started the third vaccination for specific patients, but at the moment, the numbers have increased during the last couple of weeks. I would guess that the post-Covid problems will just be present for at least a couple of months, since we know that symptoms can be cured over a long time period. That means over weeks, over months in the post-Covid field, I would guess that the next year also will bring us a lot of patients suffering from post-Covid. So I would guess that the acute infection goes down, let's say, at spring; and the post-Covid problems will maintain to at least on the end of the next year.
10
在新冠肺炎患者出院後的康複階段，您認為他們應該注意什麼才可完全康複或避免二次感染？
In order to fully regain their health and to avoid reinfection, what advice would you give to those Covid-19 patients during their recovery phase?
首(shou)先(xian)，我(wo)認(ren)為(wei)需(xu)要(yao)製(zhi)定(ding)個(ge)性(xing)化(hua)的(de)康(kang)複(fu)方(fang)案(an)。醫(yi)生(sheng)需(xu)要(yao)了(le)解(jie)病(bing)人(ren)的(de)所(suo)有(you)症(zheng)狀(zhuang)。病(bing)人(ren)可(ke)能(neng)有(you)很(hen)多(duo)需(xu)求(qiu)。當(dang)然(ran)我(wo)們(men)會(hui)觀(guan)察(cha)他(ta)們(men)的(de)症(zheng)狀(zhuang)。我(wo)的(de)首(shou)要(yao)建(jian)議(yi)是(shi)製(zhi)定(ding)個(ge)性(xing)化(hua)的(de)康(kang)複(fu)方(fang)案(an)。這(zhe)就(jiu)意(yi)味(wei)著(zhe)除(chu)了(le)診(zhen)斷(duan)，如(ru)果(guo)在(zai)康(kang)複(fu)治(zhi)療(liao)階(jie)段(duan)醫(yi)生(sheng)對(dui)藥(yao)物(wu)治(zhi)療(liao)無(wu)法(fa)提(ti)供(gong)很(hen)多(duo)建(jian)議(yi)，那(na)麼(me)就(jiu)需(xu)要(yao)尋(xun)求(qiu)更(geng)多(duo)針(zhen)對(dui)新(xin)冠(guan)康(kang)複(fu)後(hou)患(huan)者(zhe)用(yong)藥(yao)的(de)醫(yi)學(xue)循(xun)證(zheng)，更(geng)深(shen)入(ru)了(le)解(jie)該(gai)疾(ji)病(bing)的(de)病(bing)理(li)。 對dui於yu非fei藥yao物wu治zhi療liao部bu分fen，確que實shi物wu理li康kang複fu治zhi療liao起qi到dao一yi定ding的de成cheng效xiao，但dan也ye需xu個ge性xing化hua的de康kang複fu方fang案an。醫yi生sheng要yao先xian了le解jie病bing人ren能neng做zuo什shen麼me，能neng做zuo到dao什shen麼me程cheng度du以yi及ji病bing人ren能neng恢hui複fu到dao什shen麼me程cheng度du。相xiang比bi之zhi前qian，我wo們men對dui功gong能neng障zhang礙ai患huan者zhe的de康kang複fu治zhi療liao的de進jin展zhan會hui更geng慢man，這zhe是shi一yi個ge很hen大da的de區qu別bie。同tong時shi要yao記ji住zhu，疲pi勞lao、慢(man)性(xing)疲(pi)勞(lao)綜(zong)合(he)征(zheng)也(ye)是(shi)一(yi)個(ge)問(wen)題(ti)。要(yao)把(ba)一(yi)切(qie)因(yin)素(su)都(dou)考(kao)慮(lv)周(zhou)全(quan)。所(suo)以(yi)我(wo)的(de)建(jian)議(yi)是(shi)基(ji)於(yu)對(dui)病(bing)人(ren)整(zheng)體(ti)的(de)診(zhen)斷(duan)，或(huo)者(zhe)說(shuo)基(ji)於(yu)病(bing)人(ren)症(zheng)狀(zhuang)的(de)複(fu)雜(za)性(xing)為(wei)病(bing)人(ren)製(zhi)定(ding)個(ge)性(xing)化(hua)的(de)康(kang)複(fu)治(zhi)療(liao)方(fang)案(an)。 I think, first of all, we need a personalized approach. That means we just have to get all the symptoms of the patients. We have learned that they can require a lot. Of course, we see patterns. But my first advice is a personalized approach. That means besides the diagnostics, and if you turn into therapy, and we do not have a lot of advice and evidence for the pharmaceutical therapies. Just to get more evidence based medicine in the pharmaceutical part of the post-Covid treatment. We need to understand better the physiology and part of the physiology of the disease. For the non-pharmaceutical part, we know that rehab bring some success, but also there we need a personalized approach. That means we have to check what can the patient, what does the patient able to do, where we can get him? And where we can bring him? For that, we start more slowly than before we started for those patients who are deconditioned. So I think that's a major difference. You have to keep in mind that also the fatigue or the chronic fatigue syndrome can be a problem. Just taking it all together. My advice is to make a very individualized plan for the patient, a therapy plan based on the broad diagnostic which probably is based on the symptom complex of patients.
The World Health Organization (WHO) lists four lung diseases among the top ten causes of death. What’s your opinion on this and how can international collaboration contribute to this issue?
到目前為止，我認為呼吸科醫生在醫學領域的地位沒有得到充分表現。我們知道，比如肺部感染和慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)zaiweilaijinianlidouzaizengjia，zhengrunitidaode，chengweiquanqiushidasiyinzhiyi。xianzaiwomenxuyaodeshifazhankexuehezuohezengqiangyufanggongzuo。liruwomenbixutongguokongzhixiangyan、大麻和電子煙來預防COPD，同時也要解決環境汙染問題。這樣就有希望在未來的幾代人裏減少肺部疾病。我認為預防、合作和科學方案以及藥物輸送管理可改善這一現狀。 I think that the respiratory physicians, and the rank of the respiratory physicians in the field of medicine is underrepresented so far. Just based on what you just cited, that means, we know, for example, pulmonary infections and the COPD that increase over the next couple of years, and will become one of these, as you mentioned, leading causes of death. For that time, we need the scientific networking and we need the prevention. That's very important. For example, in the field of COPD we have to prevent by limiting cigarette, smoking and also vaping, but also the environmental problems that we have to decrease. Then we can hope that for the future generations, perhaps these diseases can be decreased. I think, preventing, networking and scientific approaches to become better and the field of drug delivery should be a major point.
12
對於想要從事肺康複的人，您有什麼建議？
What advice would you give to someone hoping to start a career in Pulmonary Rehabilitation?
I think just to cover the whole range of pulmonary rehab. For me, pulmonary rehab starts at the ICU and also on the other side, starts in the prevention. You should be broad educated. The ICU experience and the specification and intensive care medicine was ahead for me just to cover that part of the very severe disease patients. For me, it is also very important to combine always the 3 columns. The university education, including the lecturing, the clinical approach and the scientific approach. These three parts should be taken together, and that gives you a very interesting, a very demanding, but also a very fascinating field of medicine. I like that quite a lot and so I can recommend to be part of that rehab society.
13
假如您不從醫的話，您會從事什麼行業？
What would you have been if you had not been a medical doctor?
我母親曾經希望我成為一名演員。我以前會花一些時間在劇院練習表演，並在學校的劇院裏扮演一些小角色。 My mother wanted me to become an actor. So I spent some time in active practicing in theater and acting little roles in the school theatre.
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除了醫學外，您還有什麼興趣愛好？
What are your hobbies outside of practicing medicine?
我喜歡文化藝術方麵的東西。比如戲劇、電影。我對音樂也很感興趣，喜歡聽音樂。我還喜歡踢足球、打網球、雙板滑雪、單板滑雪，以及各項山上運動。 I'm interested in cultural stuff. That means theater, cinema. I'm very interested in music, I like listening to music quite a lot. I also like soccer playing, tennis playing, and skiing, snowboarding, so all the things you can do in the mountains.
