世界上偉大的醫生（第九期）

 專訪嘉賓

Prof. Dr. med. Christian Stief 

1、您是何時決定從醫的呢
？又為什麼專攻泌尿外科呢？

Why did you decide to pursue a career in medicine and why, in particular, did you decide to specialize in Urology?

我來自一個非常古老的醫學世家，自我曾曾祖父那代起就從醫了

，我的祖父、zengzufudengrentamendoushiwaikeyisheng。tamenbushichuantongyiyishangdewaikeyisheng，shifuchankeyisheng。dangshideyishengyibanshenjianliangzhi，shipuwaikeyishengtongshiyeshifuchankeyisheng。

I come from a pretty old family of medical doctors. Already my grand-grandfather has been a doctor. And almost all these people, my grandfather, my grand-grandfather, they all have been doctors and they all have been surgeons, not really surgeons, but gynecologists. But at that time, usually people were at the same time both general surgeons and gynecologists.

所suo以yi我wo從cong未wei考kao慮lv過guo自zi己ji未wei來lai的de職zhi業ye。對dui於yu我wo來lai說shuo
，成cheng為wei一yi名ming醫yi生sheng好hao像xiang是shi自zi然ran而er然ran的de事shi情qing。後hou來lai我wo很hen幸xing運yun地di被bei醫yi學xue院yuan錄lu取qu了le。學xue醫yi的de過guo程cheng很hen有you趣qu，而er且qie歐ou洲zhou的de醫yi學xue教jiao育yu普pu適shi性xing非fei常chang高gao，我wo學xue到dao許xu多duo對dui日ri常chang生sheng活huo很hen有you價jia值zhi的de知zhi識shi。所suo以yi首shou先xian我wo是shi非fei常chang願yuan意yi從cong醫yi的de，其qi次ci是shi我wo有you幸xing進jin入ru醫yi學xue院yuan學xue習xi，其qi三san我wo在zai學xue醫yi過guo程cheng中zhong獲huo得de很hen多duo樂le趣qu。

And I even haven't thought about it, but for me, it was all-natural that I should at least consider becoming a medical doctor. And I was lucky to be accepted into the university. Later on, I really had lots of fun in the study to become a doctor, because at least the study for medicine here in Europe is so broad that I can learn a lot of things that are useful for daily life. So I was first positive to go into medicine. I was fortunate to get a place over there. And I had lots of fun studying medicine.

大學期間我輾轉過很多學校求學。我一開始在德法交界處的洪堡市學習。然後我到了弗萊堡，那是一個非常可愛、典dian型xing的de歐ou洲zhou大da學xue城cheng。後hou來lai我wo去qu了le南nan非fei博bo茨ci瓦wa納na學xue習xi。從cong南nan非fei回hui來lai後hou我wo又you回hui到dao弗fu萊lai堡bao，又you從cong弗fu萊lai堡bao到dao法fa國guo蒙meng彼bi利li埃ai大da學xue完wan成cheng我wo最zui後hou一yi年nian的de學xue習xi。

I changed universities many times. I started in the countryside, what is called Homburg at the French border. Then I studied in Freiburg, which is a very lovely, smaller, classical European student town. Then I went to Africa, to Botswana. Then I went back to Freiburg, and from Freiburg, I went to France and studied my last year in France at Montpellier.

剛gang才cai你ni們men問wen我wo為wei什shen麼me選xuan擇ze泌mi尿niao外wai科ke

，不bu得de不bu說shuo，一yi切qie純chun屬shu巧qiao合he。一yi開kai始shi我wo想xiang成cheng為wei像xiang我wo的de祖zu輩bei一yi樣yang的de婦fu產chan科ke醫yi生sheng。但dan是shi大da學xue畢bi業ye後hou，我wo需xu要yao到dao軍jun隊dui服fu兵bing役yi15個(ge)月(yue)。當(dang)時(shi)在(zai)德(de)國(guo)每(mei)個(ge)成(cheng)年(nian)男(nan)性(xing)都(dou)要(yao)義(yi)務(wu)服(fu)兵(bing)役(yi)。當(dang)時(shi)我(wo)沒(mei)有(you)選(xuan)擇(ze)的(de)機(ji)會(hui)
，我(wo)被(bei)分(fen)配(pei)到(dao)一(yi)家(jia)軍(jun)隊(dui)醫(yi)院(yuan)的(de)泌(mi)尿(niao)科(ke)服(fu)役(yi)。接(jie)觸(chu)下(xia)來(lai)後(hou)
，我(wo)不(bu)得(de)不(bu)承(cheng)認(ren)我(wo)非(fei)常(chang)喜(xi)歡(huan)這(zhe)份(fen)工(gong)作(zuo)

，非(fei)常(chang)喜(xi)歡(huan)做(zuo)泌(mi)尿(niao)科(ke)手(shou)術(shu)，也(ye)非(fei)常(chang)喜(xi)歡(huan)科(ke)裏(li)的(de)病(bing)人(ren)
，因(yin)此(ci)我(wo)決(jue)定(ding)深(shen)耕(geng)泌(mi)尿(niao)科(ke)。

And then you ask me: “why did you become a urologist?” I have to admit that this has been a pure coincidence. I, as my people before me, obviously wanted to become a gynecologist. But in Germany, at that time, after I finished my university studies, I had to go to the military for 15 months, what we call is “being drafted”, which means it's mandatory that anybody had to go to the military. And since I finished my medical studies, they offered me a job in a military hospital for 15 months. And I didn't really have the chance (to choose). They just put me into the department of urology. And then I have to admit, I liked the job a lot, I liked the surgery a lot, I liked the patients a lot. And then I stood in urology.

2、您的早年經曆如何塑造你的成就？

How did your early youth experience shape your success?

我來自一個小小的鄉鎮

，並不是什麼大城市。我成長的環境非常安全，小鎮裏沒有罪案、沒有毒品
，一切“壞影響”都不存在

，所以我有一個非常幸運的少年時代，我的雙親非常疼愛我。周邊的社會環境和氛圍很好

，小鎮的孩子們有快樂的童年、安an全quan的de成cheng長chang環huan境jing，同tong時shi亦yi明ming白bai要yao非fei常chang努nu力li。誠cheng然ran，我wo們men可ke以yi盡jin情qing享xiang受shou人ren生sheng

，但dan是shi我wo們men更geng可ke以yi通tong過guo努nu力li在zai學xue校xiao獲huo得de好hao成cheng績ji，並bing獲huo得de一yi份fen體ti麵mian的de工gong作zuo來lai取qu得de成cheng功gong。
I come from the countryside, from a small town, not from a big city. And I have been brought up, let's say, in very safe ways. It means that it's a small town where the crime did not exist, where there were no drugs, there were no bad influences. So I had a pretty lucky youth. I was brought up by parents who really love me.So the circumstances were pretty good and what you learn in the countryside when you have a reasonable childhood and grow up in safe circumstances, is to work reasonably hard. Still, you can enjoy life, but you can make succeed just by working hard, trying to get good grades in school, and just trying to do a reasonable job.
chulezaixuexiaonulixuexizhiwai，keyushijianyeshifeichangzhongyaodeyibufen。zaixiaowaipeiyangnengliheshiyehenzhongyao。womenyibanhuicanjiaxiaoguimotuantihuodong，zaiouzhouyibanshidaojiaotanghuozhecishanzuzhicanjiahuodong。huodongguochengzhong，womenxuehuiruheyutarengoutong、合he作zuo。隨sui著zhe年nian齡ling增zeng長chang
，我wo們men學xue會hui如ru何he承cheng擔dan責ze任ren
，甚shen至zhi是shi學xue會hui帶dai領ling小xiao團tuan隊dui，漸jian漸jian地di學xue會hui帶dai領ling更geng大da的de團tuan隊dui。在zai課ke餘yu活huo動dong中zhong我wo們men學xue會hui如ru何he跟gen不bu同tong的de人ren交jiao往wang，如ru何he建jian立li自zi己ji的de影ying響xiang力li，如ru何he積ji極ji引yin導dao他ta人ren，如ru何he通tong過guo不bu向xiang他ta人ren施shi壓ya的de方fang式shi使shi人ren信xin服fu。我wo覺jiao得de這zhe些xie都dou要yao在zai青qing少shao年nian時shi期qi
，甚shen至zhi是shi童tong年nian時shi期qi就jiu要yao開kai始shi學xue習xi。
And besides this, I learned that, besides working hard at school, it's important to have spare time besides the time in school. Because the capabilities, the things you learn outside the school horizon are very important. Like, if you live in the countryside and you organize yourself in smaller groups, whatever, in our society, it's often the church, or it's often charity organizations, you learn a lot, you learn to cope with others. If you then grow older, you learn to take over responsibilities, even lead a smaller group and then lead broader groups. So you learn how to manage groups of people, how to have a reasonable influence, how to have a positive influence on people, how to manage things without putting pressure but in convincing people. And I think this you learn very, very early on in your childhood and adolescence.
我從15歲左右加入搖滾樂隊玩音樂，這鼓舞了我的一生。在樂隊裏我學會玩樂器、changge
，xuehuigenbierenyiqizuoyinle。tongguoyinle，woxuehuilehenduozaixuexiaoxuebudaodedongxi，woxuehuilexuduoshejiaojiqiao。suoyiwoduinianqingrendejianyishi，yaozaikeyuzhiwaiyouzijideyipiantiandi，xuexidangxiakanqilaimeiyouteshuyiyidanyidinghuirangnishouyizhongshengdejineng。
But when I was an adolescent like 15, 16, 17 years of age, I started playing music in a rock band. And even that has been very inspiring. You learn an instrument, you learn to sing, you learn to do music with others together. And by playing music, you learn many different things that you would not learn in school. I think you learn a lot of social skills, too. So my advice for young people is to do things outside the regular school schedule, to learn things that may not have a specific purpose at the moment, but will help you a lot during the course of your life.

3、您職業生涯中是否有對您來說很重要的導師，他們教會您什麼，是如何啟發您的呢？

Who have been you greatest influences? What have they taught you and how have they inspired you?

說到我生命中對我影響最大的人，肯定是我的父母。但從我的職業生涯來看，這個人是我的舅舅——我媽媽的兄弟。在三十年前甚至是四十年前，他已經是全德國最具影響力的婦產科醫生。他是一名非常謙遜、德高望重
、技術精湛的外科醫生。很久以前

，他手把手地教我，帶我做手術、照zhao顧gu病bing人ren，教jiao我wo學xue習xi和he思si考kao問wen題ti的de方fang式shi。他ta還hai會hui教jiao我wo如ru何he給gei予yu病bing人ren最zui好hao的de照zhao顧gu，除chu了le治zhi療liao疾ji病bing之zhi外wai還hai能neng如ru何he幫bang助zhu病bing人ren。比bi如ru說shuo，他ta教jiao我wo從cong社she會hui心xin理li學xue方fang麵mian考kao慮lv，我wo應ying該gai在zai什shen麼me時shi機ji
、如何跟病人家屬談話
，這些對我來說影響深遠，讓我獲益匪淺。每當我做決定時，他總是無條件支持我
，比如我想出國
、想到不同的大學學習，我想拜訪不同的醫院和科室，我想到美國去做科研等。
When it comes to the greatest influence of my life, obviously, it's the parents, but maybe for my professional development, it was my uncle, the brother of my mother. At that time, 30 or even 40 years ago, he has been the most influential gynecologist in the country. He has been a very modest man, but a very influential, very good, and extremely skilled surgeon. He kind of took me by the hand, and introduced me very early to surgery, to patient care, to how you learn a lot, how you can see things, how you can possibly best treat patients, what are strategies to help people even beyond their immediate disease. Like, are there psychosocial aspects? Do you have to talk to relatives and not just treat the disease? That has been a very strong influence and a very big help. And he always supported me when I had ideas like going abroad, going to a different university, visiting different clinics, visiting different hospitals, going to the U.S. doing research over there...
我(wo)覺(jiao)得(de)每(mei)個(ge)人(ren)都(dou)要(yao)有(you)一(yi)個(ge)人(ren)生(sheng)導(dao)師(shi)，他(ta)不(bu)一(yi)定(ding)是(shi)你(ni)的(de)家(jia)人(ren)。他(ta)幫(bang)助(zhu)你(ni)不(bu)是(shi)出(chu)於(yu)私(si)利(li)，但(dan)對(dui)你(ni)來(lai)說(shuo)大(da)有(you)裨(bi)益(yi)。他(ta)會(hui)在(zai)你(ni)人(ren)生(sheng)和(he)職(zhi)業(ye)生(sheng)涯(ya)的(de)路(lu)上(shang)給(gei)予(yu)你(ni)合(he)適(shi)的(de)建(jian)議(yi)和(he)幫(bang)助(zhu)。
I think you benefit largely when you have a mentor. It does not have to be a family member. But it's very helpful if you have somebody who takes care of you, not for their own interest, but who helps you during different steps during your life and during your career.

4
、從您自身經驗出發，對於一名醫生來說，到不同醫院或者不同國家訪問的重要性？

Based on your experience, how important is it for a medical doctor to visit different hospitals or different countries?

對於任何一位醫生來說，去不同的醫院、國家訪問都是至關重要的。你可以看到、感(gan)覺(jiao)到(dao)甚(shen)至(zhi)親(qin)身(shen)體(ti)驗(yan)到(dao)治(zhi)療(liao)同(tong)一(yi)種(zhong)疾(ji)病(bing)的(de)不(bu)同(tong)療(liao)法(fa)，甚(shen)至(zhi)同(tong)一(yi)種(zhong)療(liao)法(fa)也(ye)有(you)很(hen)多(duo)不(bu)同(tong)的(de)實(shi)現(xian)方(fang)法(fa)。更(geng)重(zhong)要(yao)的(de)是(shi)
，你(ni)的(de)思(si)維(wei)會(hui)變(bian)得(de)更(geng)加(jia)開(kai)闊(kuo)，你(ni)對(dui)同(tong)一(yi)個(ge)問(wen)題(ti)的(de)不(bu)同(tong)解(jie)決(jue)方(fang)案(an)也(ye)有(you)更(geng)多(duo)想(xiang)法(fa)。
I really think it is of paramount importance and of utmost importance. The thing is, if you go to different places, if you go to different countries, you can see, you can feel, you can experience that the same disease that the same problem can be solved by different approaches. And you can see that there are many ways leading to one solution or to one good solution. The important thing is that your mind becomes broader, and you become more open to different solutions to one specific problem.
如果你一直在同一家醫院學習、工gong作zuo
，工gong作zuo方fang式shi一yi成cheng不bu變bian，你ni的de上shang司si隻zhi教jiao你ni用yong一yi種zhong方fang法fa，你ni也ye隻zhi會hui用yong一yi種zhong方fang法fa解jie決jue問wen題ti。如ru果guo你ni到dao不bu同tong醫yi院yuan訪fang問wen
，你ni會hui發fa現xian其qi實shi還hai有you很hen多duo方fang法fa。而er且qie你ni在zai外wai院yuan學xue到dao、看到的這些方法
，療效可能跟你原有方法一樣甚至更好。所以訪問不同的地方、不同的國家會開拓你的視野，我確信多外出訪問不僅能使我們成長為更好的醫生
，也能使我們成長為更好的人。
If you grow up just in one hospital, you always do the same thing. Your boss always tells you to use the same approach, and you always solve the problem in one and the same manner.If you go to different places, you see that you can solve it in different manners. Probably, and most likely, you can see and you can learn that other solutions are at least equally as good or maybe even better.So going to different places, visiting different countries broadens your horizon and I'm absolutely convinced that it makes you a better doctor and a better person.
在德國，所有醫院職位都是公開招聘的，全世界的應聘者都可以申請。我們不像美國

、法國或者意大利，（這些國家）dezhiweishiguoneifenpeide。zaideguodajiakeyizhijiexieqiuzhixindaoxiangyingdekeshiqiuzhi。womendexitongfeichanglinghuo，danyincijingzhengyefeichangjilie。womenjueduibuhuipinqingyigemeiyouhaiwaijingyandenianqingyisheng。womenyaoqiuzuishaoyoubannianhaiwaijingyan
，yinianweijia。
To put things straight, we have the system in my country that if you have open positions, people can apply from all over the world. So we don't have a national distribution pattern, like in the US or like in France, or in Italy. In my country in Germany, you can write a letter to a chairperson and tell the people that you would like to apply for a job. So the system is very flexible, is very competitive. And we would never ever hire a young doctor who has not been abroad, at least for half a year or better a year.
在zai歐ou洲zhou，出chu國guo學xue習xi是shi極ji度du容rong易yi的de事shi。歐ou洲zhou有you一yi個ge伊yi拉la斯si謨mo計ji劃hua，所suo有you歐ou洲zhou大da學xue生sheng都dou能neng通tong過guo申shen請qing這zhe個ge項xiang目mu到dao國guo外wai交jiao換huan
，項xiang目mu費fei用yong由you歐ou盟meng資zi助zhu，所suo以yi現xian在zai出chu國guo是shi非fei常chang簡jian單dan的de事shi。最zui起qi碼ma在zai我wo的de理li解jie裏li，假jia如ru一yi個ge年nian輕qing醫yi生sheng想xiang找zhao份fen好hao工gong作zuo
，或huo者zhe想xiang在zai簡jian曆li裏li增zeng添tian一yi些xie閃shan光guang點dian
，他ta們men必bi須xu到dao不bu同tong的de國guo家jia去qu，多duo看kan看kan新xin鮮xian事shi物wu。
In Europe, it is extremely easy to go to different countries and to study in different countries. We do have a program that is called Erasmus, which allows every European student to study abroad during university studies, and it is even financed by the European Union. So nowadays, it's very easy (to go abroad). At least in my understanding, if you wanna work at a good place, if you wanna really add something as a young doctor, you must have benefited from that program and visit different places to see different things.

5、恭喜您成為慕尼黑大學醫院副院長。您任職後接下來幾年的計劃可以跟我們分享下嗎？

Congratulations on taking the position as the Deputy Medical Director of LMU hospital. Could you please share with us your plan on this position for the following years?

shouxianfeichangganxiedajiaduiwodezhuhe。shuoshizaide
，muniheidaxueyiyuanfuyuanchangdegongzuoliangzhendefeichangda。zuiyouqudeshi，zhegezhiweishimeiyougongzide
，zheshiyigeweigonggongliyifengxianzijidezhiwei，bingqiewoyaojinkenengditiaoxingshi。
Thank you so much for your congratulations. Just to put things straight, becoming a deputy medical director here at the LMU is a lot of work. And the fun is that it is not paid, which means it is an extra time that you really devote to the common benefit.
也ye就jiu是shi說shuo，我wo做zuo副fu院yuan長chang並bing不bu會hui影ying響xiang我wo們men醫yi院yuan未wei來lai十shi年nian的de發fa展zhan戰zhan略lve。我wo的de職zhi位wei相xiang當dang於yu一yi個ge緊jin急ji聯lian係xi人ren
，其qi他ta的de科ke室shi主zhu任ren和he教jiao授shou聯lian係xi不bu上shang院yuan董dong事shi會hui的de時shi候hou，他ta們men就jiu會hui聯lian係xi我wo。我wo是shi院yuan董dong事shi會hui裏li最zui容rong易yi聯lian係xi得de上shang的de人ren。所suo以yi每mei當dang其qi他ta教jiao授shou和he主zhu任ren出chu現xian問wen題ti的de時shi候hou
，他ta們men會hui直zhi接jie打da電dian話hua給gei我wo，讓rang我wo幫bang忙mang解jie決jue問wen題ti。
I really try to do a very modest life, which means my job as the Deputy Medical Director is not affecting the strategy where we wanna be in the next 10 years. My position is more or less the the emergency call for the other Directors or the other professors who usually cannot reach the board of the hospital. It's very difficult to reach other board members than myself. So if other professors or Chair people have a problem, they take their phone to call Chris Stief. And they ask me to help them with their problems.
副院長的日常工作就是幫大家解決問題。舉個例子，我們現在麵臨的一大危機就是新冠肺炎。比如說我們泌尿外科日常開放病床是103張，但是現在隻有60張，醫院裏1/3的(de)醫(yi)療(liao)資(zi)源(yuan)都(dou)投(tou)入(ru)到(dao)新(xin)冠(guan)病(bing)人(ren)的(de)照(zhao)護(hu)中(zhong)。現(xian)在(zai)新(xin)冠(guan)肺(fei)炎(yan)是(shi)德(de)國(guo)醫(yi)療(liao)係(xi)統(tong)的(de)一(yi)個(ge)大(da)危(wei)機(ji)，所(suo)以(yi)我(wo)每(mei)天(tian)都(dou)要(yao)做(zuo)很(hen)多(duo)協(xie)調(tiao)工(gong)作(zuo)，幫(bang)助(zhu)大(da)家(jia)同(tong)時(shi)照(zhao)顧(gu)好(hao)“常規病人”和新冠病人。所以一句話總結
，我把我的職位看作一個給大家解決每天、每周、每月甚至每年問題的職位

，而不會影響醫院未來十年的發展戰略。
Like, at the moment, we have a big big problem with Covid-19 over here. To give you an idea, on normal days as a department of urology we have about 103 beds. And at the moment we have about 60, so at least 1/3 of the capacity of our hospital is in taking care of Covid patients, both intubated and non intubated. So it's a big big thing here in our health care system. And I try to help people solve problems so that they can take care both of their so-called normal patients and of their Covid patients. So to summarize, I see my job as Deputy Medical Director to solve daily or weekly or, let's say, monthly problems and maybe yearly problems, but not the strategy for the next 10 years.

6

、您未來幾年的個人計劃是什麼？

What about your personal plan?

我wo個ge人ren的de計ji劃hua非fei常chang簡jian單dan。我wo們men科ke室shi已yi經jing成cheng為wei全quan球qiu範fan圍wei內nei最zui大da規gui模mo的de泌mi尿niao外wai科ke之zhi一yi。在zai德de國guo有you很hen多duo調tiao查zha
，有you好hao幾ji個ge手shou術shu質zhi量liang及ji醫yi療liao質zhi量liang評ping估gu係xi統tong，並bing且qie這zhe些xie調tiao查zha結jie果guo都dou是shi非fei常chang公gong正zheng的de。在zai過guo去qu幾ji年nian的de德de國guo泌mi尿niao外wai科ke醫yi療liao質zhi量liang評ping估gu中zhong，我wo們men科ke室shi一yi直zhi名ming列lie前qian茅mao。因yin此ci我wo在zai未wei來lai幾ji年nian的de計ji劃hua是shi

，我wo們men要yao盡jin一yi切qie努nu力li讓rang我wo們men的de診zhen療liao人ren次ci、護理質量
、手shou術shu質zhi量liang和he保bao守shou治zhi療liao質zhi量liang都dou保bao持chi在zai領ling先xian地di位wei。最zui重zhong要yao的de是shi，在zai力li所suo能neng及ji的de範fan圍wei內nei給gei予yu病bing人ren最zui高gao質zhi量liang的de照zhao護hu，我wo不bu能neng說shuo全quan球qiu之zhi最zui，但dan起qi碼ma在zai德de國guo是shi這zhe樣yang，這zhe就jiu是shi我wo的de動dong力li所suo在zai。
My personal plan is very simple. We have become, let's say, one of the real big departments of urology worldwide. And at least there are several systems that you can look at the quality of the medical care and of the surgery you provide to the patients because we have nationwide surveys. And these surveys cannot be influenced. During the last years, we were even the leader in medical quality in urology, in our country. So my strategy for the next years would be that we try anything to keep the high patient numbers and that we try definitely anything to provide the high-quality care of care that we provide to the patient, both in surgery and in conservative medicine. That is of paramount importance that the patient care we provide should be the best possible. I won’t say on earth, but at least in my country, that is what drives me.

7
、您如何平衡行政、臨床、科研、教學工作及個人生活
？

How do you balance the personal life, administration, clinical practice, research activities and lecturing?

這是一個非常棘手的問題，我的個人生活和工作之間的分配是非常不均衡的。我必須承認，我這一生當中
，起碼在過去的35年中，我大部分的時間和精力都投入在工作上了。
That is a very, very terrible question. The question is so terrible because there is, obviously a huge discrepancy between my private life and professional life. And I really have to admit that I kind of dedicate my lifetime, at least the last 35 years to the job and not to private matters.
自我24歲從醫以來，我每天工作14小(xiao)時(shi)

，周(zhou)末(mo)甚(shen)至(zhi)更(geng)久(jiu)。工(gong)作(zuo)日(ri)的(de)大(da)部(bu)分(fen)時(shi)間(jian)我(wo)都(dou)投(tou)入(ru)在(zai)臨(lin)床(chuang)活(huo)動(dong)上(shang)。周(zhou)末(mo)我(wo)一(yi)般(ban)規(gui)劃(hua)科(ke)研(yan)活(huo)動(dong)。以(yi)我(wo)現(xian)在(zai)的(de)職(zhi)務(wu)，即(ji)使(shi)我(wo)想(xiang)親(qin)手(shou)做(zuo)科(ke)研(yan)也(ye)不(bu)能(neng)自(zi)己(ji)做(zuo)。我(wo)一(yi)般(ban)會(hui)為(wei)年(nian)輕(qing)醫(yi)生(sheng)規(gui)劃(hua)
、組(zu)織(zhi)他(ta)們(men)的(de)科(ke)研(yan)項(xiang)目(mu)
，為(wei)他(ta)們(men)爭(zheng)取(qu)資(zi)金(jin)，為(wei)他(ta)們(men)提(ti)供(gong)實(shi)驗(yan)室(shi)的(de)位(wei)置(zhi)，幫(bang)他(ta)們(men)找(zhao)一(yi)些(xie)比(bi)較(jiao)有(you)意(yi)義(yi)的(de)課(ke)題(ti)。因(yin)此(ci)我(wo)的(de)工(gong)作(zuo)是(shi)主(zhu)導(dao)科(ke)研(yan)方(fang)向(xiang)

，而(er)不(bu)是(shi)親(qin)自(zi)去(qu)做(zuo)研(yan)究(jiu)。所(suo)以(yi)我(wo)一(yi)般(ban)在(zai)周(zhou)末(mo)和(he)工(gong)作(zuo)日(ri)的(de)晚(wan)上(shang)9到11點做行政和科研工作。
Since I was 24, I work about 14 hours a day. And I usually work long hours on the weekend. During the week, I devote almost all my time to patient care. And over the weekend, I structure research, which means at my position, even if  I am very motivated, I cannot do the research myself. The only thing is that I can facilitate research for the young ones. I can try to provide money for the young ones. I can try to provide lab space. I can try to find interesting projects. Thus my job is to structure the research, but I cannot do the research myself. Usually, I do administration and research activities over the weekend or in the evening between 9 and 11.

8
、作為多個領先泌尿科學會的活躍成員，您認為這些學會對泌尿外科和臨床醫生有何重要意義


？

You have been an active member of many leading organizations or societies in the field of urology. How important do you think these societies are to the field of urology and to the urologists?

從我的自身經驗來說
，我們參加活動的初衷是為了更好的病人護理。隻有當同行們相聚一堂，對治療理念、科研項目各抒己見的時候，才能為病人創造好的甚至卓越的護理。因此要盡可能加強與國際同行的思想、科研和學術交流。
My lifetime experience is that basically good patient care is the aim of our job. And good or even excellent patient care is only possible if you have a free exchange of ideas, of concepts, of projects, of research activities, with other ones, and the best is the case where you have a free exchange of ideas, of science and knowledge with as many international colleagues as possible.
這意味著我們要參加大型的國際會議，比如美國和歐洲的泌尿外科年會
，每年吸引世界各地15,000到20,000名專家參加，大家可以在年會上暢所欲言，討論泌尿外科現有的問題、新的科研方向、新的治療理念。國際會議和國際交流的意義在於為學科建設規劃藍圖
，推動整個學科發展。另外我們還有國內會議或區域性會議。
This is usually done on big international meetings like the American or the European urological meetings where about 15,000 to 20,000 specialists come from all over the world, where you discuss very openly and very freely what ongoing problems are, what ongoing ideas are, and what ongoing concepts to solve these problems are. International meetings and international exchange are all about the big picture and are really advancing the field.
注重臨床服務的泌尿外科醫生一般會參加區域性或者國內的年會，學習近兩年最新的診療理念。這些會議一般不討論學科5年內的發展方向，因為那是國際會議討論的事情。國內的會議一般討論當下的診療方案，這就是參加區域性和國內會議的意義。
On the other hand, there are so-called national or local meetings. These national and local meetings also have very important features. The office-based urologists, who work in the city and take care of daily patients, go to national and to local meetings and learn what is up to date in the year 2021 or next year 2022. They don't care so much about what will be the future in 5 years, which will be discussed in international meetings. These national meetings focus more on what the treatment for today is up to. And that's the role of local and national meetings.
總而言之，學會和學術會議分為兩種
，一種是大型的國際學會或者學術會議

，大家參會是為了討論學科5nianneidefazhanzhanlve，baokuozhenduanhezhiliaofangandefazhan。qicishiquyuxingheguoneihuiyi。yiminiaowaikeweili，zaizhexieguoneihuiyishangdajiakeyilejiedaoqianliexianaihuoniaoshijinxianyoudezhiliaofangan
，tongshiguojihuiyiyeketuidongkeyanfazhan，jinergaishanbingrenhuli
，danshiguojihuiyizhishihezaibenlingyushengengduoniandezhuanjiacanyu。
To summarize, there are two entirely different levels of international meetings and of international societies. There are really the big international meetings. We go there to have an idea of where the development of diagnostic and therapeutic procedures is, where the strategy in 5 years will be. And then, on the other hand, there are local and national meetings where we go to see what the treatment of, let's say, prostate cancer or incontinence nowadays is. And big international meetings definitely help to advance the science, to advance patient care. But that really is for the ones what deeply involved in the field.

9

、您是德語國家每年完成最多泌尿係統癌症手術的醫生，同時是德國國家科學院成員之一，您認為科研對一個臨床醫生有何重要意義
？

You are the surgeon operates most major urological cancer operations per year in German-speaking countries and at the same time scientifically active as a member of German National Academy of Sciences Leopoldina. How important do you think scientific research is to the clinical doctors?

這zhe是shi醫yi學xue界jie的de關guan鍵jian。無wu論lun是shi臨lin床chuang研yan究jiu還hai是shi臨lin床chuang前qian研yan究jiu，對dui醫yi學xue各ge個ge專zhuan業ye的de發fa展zhan都dou至zhi關guan重zhong要yao。作zuo為wei一yi名ming外wai科ke醫yi生sheng，每mei天tian都dou要yao完wan成cheng日ri常chang的de診zhen療liao工gong作zuo。這zhe些xie日ri常chang工gong作zuo基ji於yu過guo去qu或huo者zhe當dang下xia的de經jing驗yan。但dan是shi當dang涉she及ji到dao明ming天tian
、明年或者十年後的診療策略時，就要求醫生必須參加科研活動。我們必須從細胞、亞細胞、組織的層麵去考慮疾病的潛在機製
，去研究某種特定疾病的診斷方法。研究出診斷方法後
，我們還需要研究治療方案。
Scientific research, both clinical and preclinical, is of paramount importance for the development of every specialty in medicine. As a doctor, especially as a surgeon, you do your daily job based on the experience of the past and maybe on the experience of today. But when it comes to treatment strategies to diagnostic approaches for the patients for tomorrow, for next year, or for 10 years, you have to be engaged in research.You have to see what the underlying mechanisms of disease are on a cellular level, on a sub-cellular level, on a tissue level, to think about what may be the next step in diagnostics for a specific disease. And obviously, as the next step, if you understand what may be the next diagnostic, you may think about what may be the next therapeutic approach for better patient treatment.
因此在日常的診療工作中
，我們隻要掌握以前或者當下的經驗就足夠。但是假如我們想治療明天
、明年甚至十年後的病人，就必須要參加科研活動，為未來可能會發生的疾病作打算，並從個人、團隊、科室、醫院的角度考慮如何給病人提供最好的照護。
So, in daily clinical practice, experience from the past and today is sufficient. But when you think about treating patients tomorrow and next years or 10 years, you definitely have to be engaged in scientific research to see what comes next for our patient and how can I help, how can we help, how can the department help, how can the hospital help in achieving that goal.

10、至今您最自豪的職業成就是什麼，為什麼
？

What is your proudest career achievement to date and why?

這(zhe)個(ge)問(wen)題(ti)很(hen)簡(jian)單(dan)，我(wo)從(cong)業(ye)至(zhi)今(jin)最(zui)自(zi)豪(hao)的(de)成(cheng)就(jiu)是(shi)成(cheng)為(wei)利(li)奧(ao)波(bo)第(di)那(na)科(ke)學(xue)院(yuan)的(de)院(yuan)士(shi)。這(zhe)是(shi)德(de)國(guo)國(guo)家(jia)科(ke)學(xue)院(yuan)，同(tong)時(shi)也(ye)是(shi)世(shi)界(jie)上(shang)現(xian)存(cun)最(zui)古(gu)老(lao)的(de)學(xue)術(shu)機(ji)構(gou)。現(xian)有(you)約(yue)1500名院士，大部分來自德國、奧地利及瑞士，30%的院士來自其他國家。這裏擁有過百位諾貝爾獎得主，因此選舉過程嚴謹而複雜。
That's very simple and very easy. The proudest achievement of my scientific career is becoming a member of the Leopoldina, which is our National Academy of Science. It is the oldest scientific academy still existing worldwide, with about 1,500 active members in Germany, Austria, and Switzerland. Plus, it has about, I think, 30% of international members. It holds hundreds of Nobel laureates. So, it really is very, very selective.
令(ling)我(wo)自(zi)豪(hao)的(de)是(shi)，我(wo)是(shi)科(ke)學(xue)院(yuan)內(nei)第(di)一(yi)個(ge)也(ye)是(shi)唯(wei)一(yi)一(yi)個(ge)泌(mi)尿(niao)科(ke)醫(yi)生(sheng)。利(li)奧(ao)波(bo)第(di)那(na)科(ke)學(xue)院(yuan)從(cong)來(lai)沒(mei)有(you)推(tui)選(xuan)過(guo)泌(mi)尿(niao)科(ke)醫(yi)生(sheng)成(cheng)為(wei)院(yuan)士(shi)
，我(wo)是(shi)唯(wei)一(yi)一(yi)個(ge)，這(zhe)是(shi)一(yi)件(jian)很(hen)酷(ku)的(de)事(shi)情(qing)。
And what is very nice for me is that I am the only and first urologist that has become a member over there. There has never been a urologist at the Leopoldina. And at the moment, I'm the only one. So that's a pretty cool thing.
打(da)個(ge)比(bi)方(fang)
，現(xian)在(zai)為(wei)德(de)國(guo)政(zheng)府(fu)提(ti)供(gong)應(ying)對(dui)新(xin)冠(guan)疫(yi)情(qing)相(xiang)關(guan)建(jian)議(yi)的(de)是(shi)利(li)奧(ao)波(bo)第(di)那(na)科(ke)學(xue)院(yuan)。政(zheng)府(fu)有(you)任(ren)何(he)科(ke)學(xue)相(xiang)關(guan)的(de)問(wen)題(ti)需(xu)要(yao)尋(xun)求(qiu)建(jian)議(yi)的(de)時(shi)候(hou)
，利(li)奧(ao)波(bo)第(di)那(na)科(ke)學(xue)院(yuan)會(hui)提(ti)供(gong)建(jian)議(yi)。當(dang)選(xuan)院(yuan)士(shi)不(bu)僅(jin)很(hen)酷(ku)且(qie)極(ji)具(ju)影(ying)響(xiang)力(li)，因(yin)為(wei)國(guo)家(jia)科(ke)學(xue)院(yuan)的(de)院(yuan)士(shi)能(neng)直(zhi)接(jie)接(jie)觸(chu)政(zheng)府(fu)高(gao)官(guan)。
And just to give you an idea, at the moment, the adviser who advises the German government on how to cope with Covid-19 is the Leopoldina. So, if our government has a scientific problem or a problem that needs scientific advice, they ask Leopoldina. So being a member of Leopoldina is both very cool and very influential because you have direct access to high politics.

11、您對中國科研人員有什麼了解嗎
？

How much do you know about the Chinese researchers ?

我wo覺jiao得de全quan世shi界jie和he整zheng個ge科ke學xue界jie都dou應ying該gai衷zhong心xin感gan謝xie中zhong國guo的de科ke研yan人ren員yuan。雖sui然ran我wo不bu是shi新xin冠guan疫yi情qing的de一yi線xian抗kang疫yi人ren員yuan，但dan是shi據ju我wo了le解jie，新xin冠guan病bing毒du基ji因yin序xu列lie是shi由you上shang海hai的de科ke研yan人ren員yuan首shou先xian發fa布bu的de，這zhe為wei後hou續xu的de病bing毒du檢jian測ce和he治zhi療liao策ce略lve提ti供gong了le基ji礎chu。
I really think the world and the scientific world owe a lot to Chinese researchers. Like, I'm not involved in Covid-19, but as far as I know, it has been a Chinese researcher from Shanghai who first published the genome of the virus, which allowed to develop the tests, to develop the treatment strategies.
我wo認ren為wei中zhong國guo科ke研yan人ren員yuan是shi全quan球qiu科ke研yan團tuan體ti不bu可ke或huo缺que的de一yi部bu分fen，我wo們men需xu要yao開kai放fang的de渠qu道dao和he無wu間jian的de交jiao流liu。中zhong國guo有you非fei常chang多duo優you秀xiu且qie能neng力li極ji強qiang

，受shou過guo良liang好hao培pei訓xun的de科ke研yan人ren員yuan和he醫yi生sheng，我wo們men需xu要yao在zai各ge種zhong數shu據ju和he項xiang目mu上shang跟gen中zhong國guo的de科ke研yan人ren員yuan進jin行xing友you好hao、廣泛的交流和討論。
I think it's very, very important that the Chinese researchers become or stay part of the worldwide scientific bodies, that we have open access, free exchange. There are so many smart and extremely well-trained and extremely intelligent researchers and medical doctors in China that we definitely need a friendly tone, a daily discussion, and an open exchange of data and projects with them.
xingyunqiezhidezihaodeshi，womenyuguangzhouyisuodaxuezhengzaijinxingliangxiangdaxingkeyanxiangmudehezuo，yigeshipangguangaixiangguanxiangmu，yigeshiliangxingqianliexianzengshengxiangguanxiangmu
，lianggejunyouzhongguozhengfuzizhu。
We are fortunate and very proud that we have two big scientific projects with Chinese researchers from a university in Guangzhou. We have one on bladder cancer and another big one on benign prostatic hyperplasia sponsored by the Chinese government at the moment.

12
、對於想要從事泌尿外科的人，您有什麼建議？

What advice would you give to someone hoping to start a career in urology?

我有一些普遍適用的建議給孩子們和年輕學生。第一，努力學習、努力工作；第二，保持開放和好奇的心態
；第三
，多去不同的地方和國家訪問
、學習
；disi，bunulideshihoujiunulidiwan。nuligongzuoxuexizhiyu，yeyaojinqingxiangshourensheng，worenweizheyeshihenzhongyaode。diwu
，xuehuiditiaoqianxun，yuechenggongjiuyaoyueqianxun。
I think these are general advice you give to your kids, to young pupils, to young students. First, work hard. Second, stay open, stay curious. The third one would be to go to different places, go to different countries. Fourth, if you don't work hard, party hard, which means to enjoy life after you have worked hard, I think that's very important. And the fifth suggestion would be if you become successful, be very modest, the more successful you become, the more modest you should become.

13、假如您不從醫的話，您會從事什麼行業？

What would you have been if you had not been a medical doctor?

這個問題對我來說太難了
，因為我出生以來就認為自己是要成為醫生。現在想想


，如果不當醫生的話也許我會成為一名經濟學家吧。
That's a very difficult question because all my life I thought I would become a medical doctor. I think I would have become an economist.

14、除了醫學外，您還有什麼興趣愛好
？

What are your hobbies outside medicine?

我喜歡打網球，偶爾會去爬山，平時會閱讀很多書籍。我喜歡藝術，我在學醫的同時修了藝術。我最喜歡的是11—14世紀期間的歐洲藝術，也就是羅馬式藝術和哥特式藝術。我經常去看展會、飛到各地教堂參觀、到處看畫。我家到處都是藝術品。我會讀很多藝術類的書籍，學習藝術相關知識
，我非常享受這一切。
My hobby is playing tennis. I hike a bit. I read a lot. And I like fine arts. When I studied medicine, I studied fine arts in parallel. What I like a lot is European art between the 11th and the 14th century, what we call Roman and Gothic Art. I like that a lot. So I go to exhibitions, I fly to all churches, I look at all paintings. My house is filled with art. I like it a lot, I read a lot and I learn a lot. I really enjoy this.

2022年 Prof. Stief 將在中國招收泌尿外科臨床醫學博士，學時兩年，完成博士畢業論文即可獲得德國醫學博士學位（MD）。

Prof. Stief’s team is now open for application from China for an M.D. degree in Urology. The qualified candidate could get a degree of Doctor of Medicine from the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich after finishing a 2-year full-time study.